Asthma is a long-term condition in which the airways become inflamed and narrow. Symptoms such as wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath are often set off by triggers, and these differ from person to person.
Common triggers
- Allergens: dust mites, pollen, pet dander and mould.
- Irritants: tobacco smoke, strong fragrances, cleaning products and air pollution.
- Respiratory infections: colds and flu are a frequent cause of flare-ups.
- Exercise and cold air: especially if asthma is not well controlled.
- Weather and stress: sudden changes in temperature, or strong emotions.
Practical ways to reduce exposure
- Wash bedding weekly in hot water and use dust-mite-proof covers.
- Keep windows closed on high-pollen days and shower after being outside.
- Fix leaks and reduce damp to limit mould.
- Keep the home smoke-free.
- Choose fragrance-free cleaning products where possible.
Work with your doctor
A written asthma action plan, agreed with your doctor or nurse, explains your daily medicines, how to spot worsening symptoms and what to do in an attack. Keep your reliever inhaler with you, and seek emergency help if it is not working or breathing becomes difficult.
This article is general information, not medical advice. Always follow the guidance of your healthcare professional.
